农业结构会影响农村家庭收入吗?来自坦桑尼亚的证据
2020年1月24日-作者:约旦Chamberlin和t·s·詹
Chamberlin, J., & Jayne, t.s.(2020)。农业结构会影响农村家庭收入吗?来自坦桑尼亚的证据.食品政策,90, 101805年
摘要
许多非洲国家最近经历了中型和大型农场数量的快速增长。这些事态发展引发了大量关于农田集中和不平等对小农家庭和社区影响的猜测。本研究利用坦桑尼亚农业土地持有模式的地区间差异,利用具有全国代表性的家庭面板调查数据,确定当地农田结构的差异如何影响农村家庭收入。由于农场结构是一个多方面的概念,为坦桑尼亚142个地区确定了五个可供选择的农田结构指标:(i)基尼系数;(2)偏态;变异系数;中等规模农场控制耕地比例;和(v)大农场控制耕地的份额。这些替代农业结构变量被纳入农村家庭收入模型,以在控制可用的家庭和社区协变量后检验其影响。这项研究强调了四个主要发现。 First, most indicators of farmland concentration are positively associated with rural household incomes. Second, household incomes from farm and non-farm sources are positively and significantly associated with the share of land in the district controlled by farms in the 5–10 and 5–20 ha category. Third, these positive spillover benefits are smaller and less statistically significant in districts with a relatively high share of farmland controlled by farms over 20 ha in size. Fourth, poor rural households are least able to capture the positive spillovers generated by medium-scale farms and by concentrated farmland patterns.